IMMUNOTHERAPY IN LUNG CANCER: EFFICACY AND PERSPECTIVES OF IMMUNECHECKPOINT INHIBITORS USE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51473/rcmos.v1i2.2024.649Keywords:
Lung cancer. Immunotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors. PD-1. PD-L1.Abstract
Lung cancer, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is the leading cause of
cancer-related death worldwide, posing a significant challenge to public health. In recent
years, the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1
antibodies, has revolutionized the treatment of this neoplasm, especially in patients with
advanced or metastatic disease. These agents block immune checkpoints, allowing for a more
effective immune response against the tumor. This study aims to review recent literature on
the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of lung cancer, analyzing key
advances, challenges, and future perspectives. Ten studies were selected from PubMed and
ScienceDirect databases, including clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses
published between 2019 and 2023. The results indicate that immunotherapy significantly
improves response rates and patient survival, particularly when combined with other
therapeutic modalities, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, treatment resistance
and adverse effects remain significant challenges. Identifying biomarkers that can predict
treatment response is a priority research area, essential for optimizing patient selection and
personalizing therapeutic approaches. Therefore, future studies should focus on overcoming
treatment resistance and personalizing immunotherapy to maximize clinical benefits.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Enzo Assunção de Assis Santos, Ana Luíza dos Santos Silva, João Vítor Mota Cachoeira, Romano Iury Matos Garcia Filho (Autor/in)
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