DESCRIPTIVE OSTEOLOGY OF THE PELVIC LIMB OF EQUINE

Abstract

The pelvic limb of equines performs vital functions such as weight support, locomotion, and impact absorption. Its main bones include the ilium, ischium, pubis, femur, patella, tibia, fibula, and the bones of the tarsus, metatarsus, and phalanges. The ilium, ischium, and pubis form the pelvis, which connects the limb to the trunk and supports the body’s weight. The femur, the largest bone of the limb, articulates with the pelvis and tibia, allowing for wide and powerful movements. The patella, located in front of the knee, facilitates limb extension. The tibia and fibula, situated in the leg, support and distribute weight, while the bones of the tarsus, metatarsus, and phalanges form the foot structure, essential for impact absorption and propulsion. Studying the osteology of the pelvic limb is fundamental for veterinarians and students, as it allows for a detailed understanding of the structure and function of the bones, facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of injuries, and improving animal management and welfare practices. However, detailed information on the osteology of the equine pelvic limb is scarce in scientific articles, being mostly dispersed in specialized books. This hinders quick and practical access to the necessary knowledge. Based on this, this article aims to fill this gap by offering a comprehensive and accessible description of the anatomy of the bones of the equine pelvic limb. By consolidating this information, it is hoped to contribute to the advancement of knowledge and the improvement of practices in the field.