Retrospects of the 18 years of the maria da penha law: impacts, challenges and perspectives

Abstract

The Maria da Penha Law represented a significant advance in the fight against domestic violence in Brazil, creating legal mechanisms to protect women in situations of violence and address gender inequalities. However, its effectiveness is still limited by several cultural, social and economic factors. One of the main obstacles is the financial dependence of victims, who often remain in abusive relationships because they do not have the means to ensure their survival independently. The general objective of this research is to analyze the impacts of economic dependence on the continuation of women in violent relationships and how this compromises the effectiveness of the protective measures provided for in the Maria da Penha Law. The study's specific objectives are to understand how social constructions of gender and patriarchal norms influence women's perception of their autonomy and their ability to break the cycle of violence; to analyze the institutional advances and practical limits of the Maria da Penha Law; to investigate the impacts of financial dependence on the continuation of abusive relationships; and present economic empowerment policies and programs aimed at women in vulnerable situations, highlighting their importance in promoting autonomy and gender equality. Thus, the question that guides this research is: how does financial dependence impact women's permanence in abusive relationships and the effectiveness of the protective measures provided for in the Maria da Penha Law? The methodology used will be bibliographic, based on legislation, doctrines and public policies. The relevance of this study lies in the need to deepen the understanding of the factors that make it difficult for women to leave abusive relationships and propose solutions that promote their autonomy. It is concluded that breaking with violence requires integrated actions, which involve both financial empowerment and cultural and social changes aimed at gender equality.